"Comprehensive Biochemistry Test Guide: Key Tests, Normal Ranges, and Their Clinical Significance". This is for informational purposes only. For medical advice or diagnosis, consult a professional. Should there be any mistakes, we humbly seek forgiveness in advance.
Here are short descriptions of the biochemistry tests:
51. CUS 1 Hour After 50gm Glucose
Purpose: Measures blood glucose level 1 hour after ingesting 50 grams of glucose.
Reference Values:
- Normal: <140 mg/dL
- High: >140 mg/dL may indicate glucose intolerance.
52. CUS 2 Hours After 100gm Glucose
Purpose: Blood glucose measurement 2 hours after 100 grams of glucose intake to evaluate glucose tolerance.
Reference Values:
- Normal: <140 mg/dL
- Pre-diabetes: 140–199 mg/dL
- Diabetes: ≥200 mg/dL
53. CUS 2 Hours ABF (After Breakfast)
Purpose: Measures blood glucose level 2 hours after breakfast to monitor postprandial glucose levels.
Reference Values:
- Normal: <140 mg/dL
54. CUS 2 Hours After Dinner
Purpose: Checks blood glucose level 2 hours after dinner, useful for diabetes management.
Reference Values:
- Normal: <140 mg/dL
55. CUS 2 Hours After 75gm Glucose
Purpose: Measures glucose tolerance by checking glucose level 2 hours post-ingestion of 75 grams of glucose.
Reference Values:
- Normal: <140 mg/dL
56. CUS 2 Hours After Lunch
Purpose: Assesses blood glucose 2 hours after lunch to evaluate post-meal glucose levels.
Reference Values:
- Normal: <140 mg/dL
57. CUS 2 Hours After Meal
Purpose: General measure of blood glucose 2 hours after any meal to observe postprandial glucose levels.
Reference Values:
- Normal: <140 mg/dL
58. CUS Before Dinner
Purpose: Measures fasting blood glucose levels before dinner.
Reference Values:
- Normal: 70-99 mg/dL
59. CUS Before Lunch
Purpose: Measures blood glucose levels before lunch.
Reference Values:
- Normal: 70-99 mg/dL
60. CUS Fasting
Purpose: Assesses fasting blood glucose levels, often used for diabetes diagnosis.
Reference Values:
- Normal: 70-99 mg/dL
- Pre-diabetes: 100-125 mg/dL
- Diabetes: ≥126 mg/dL
61. CUS Lunch
Purpose: Checks glucose levels around lunchtime, though typically less common than fasting or postprandial measurements.
Reference Values: No standard reference; depends on context.
62. CUS PPBS (Postprandial Blood Sugar)
Purpose: Measures blood glucose 2 hours after a meal.
Reference Values:
- Normal: <140 mg/dL
63. CUS Random
Purpose: Checks random blood glucose levels to assess glycemic control.
Reference Values:
- Normal: <200 mg/dL
64. Cyclosporine
Purpose: Monitors cyclosporine levels for patients on immunosuppressive therapy.
Reference Values: Varies based on treatment plan; typically 100-400 ng/mL in transplant patients.
65. Cystatin C
Purpose: Used as an indicator of kidney function, more stable than creatinine.
Reference Values:
- Normal: 0.6–1.2 mg/L
66. Drain Fluid for Creatinine
Purpose: Assesses creatinine in fluid to check for possible leaks post-surgery.
Reference Values: Variable depending on the type of drainage.
67. Drain Fluid for Lipid Profile
Purpose: Evaluates lipid content in drained fluid.
Reference Values: Typically triglycerides should be <50 mg/dL.
68. eGFR (Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate)
Purpose: Indicates kidney function.
Reference Values:
- Normal: >90 mL/min/1.73m²
69. Electrolyte 24 Hours Urine
Purpose: Measures daily electrolyte levels in urine, useful for diagnosing kidney and metabolic disorders.
Reference Values:
- Sodium: 40-220 mmol/day
- Potassium: 25-125 mmol/day
70. Fasting Blood Glucose
Purpose: Diagnoses diabetes or prediabetes by measuring blood glucose after fasting.
Reference Values:
- Normal: 70-99 mg/dL
71. Fecal Calprotectin (Quantitative)
Purpose: Indicates inflammation in the intestines, often used in IBD diagnosis.
Reference Values:
- Normal: <50 µg/g
72. Fluid for Bicarbonate (HCO₃)
Purpose: Measures bicarbonate levels in bodily fluids to assess acid-base balance.
Reference Values: Variable depending on sample.
73. Fluid for Calcium
Description: Measures the calcium level in body fluids. Calcium is vital for bone health, muscle function, and nerve transmission.
Normal Range: 8.5 - 10.2 mg/dL.
Average Value: Approximately 9.4 mg/dL.
74. Fluid for Chloride (Cl-)
Description: Measures chloride ions in body fluids, which help maintain acid-base balance and proper fluid levels.
Normal Range: 96 - 106 mEq/L.
Average Value: Around 101 mEq/L.
75. Fluid for Conductivity
Description: Tests fluid’s conductivity to assess the ion concentration, indicative of electrolyte balance.
Normal Range: Depends on fluid type, but generally measured in µS/cm.
76. Fluid for Creatinine
Description: Measures creatinine levels in body fluids; it reflects kidney function.
Normal Range: 0.7 - 1.3 mg/dL for males, 0.6 - 1.1 mg/dL for females.
Average Value: Around 1.0 mg/dL.
77. Fluid for Electrolyte
Description: Measures sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate levels in body fluids to evaluate hydration and electrolyte balance.
Ranges vary for each electrolyte.
78. Fluid for pH
Description: Tests the acidity or alkalinity of body fluid. Balanced pH is crucial for bodily functions.
Normal Range: 7.35 - 7.45 for blood; varies for other fluids.
79. Fluid for Potassium (K+)
Description: Measures potassium levels, vital for nerve and muscle function, particularly the heart.
Normal Range: 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L.
Average Value: About 4.2 mEq/L.
80. Fluid for Sodium (Na+)
Description: Evaluates sodium levels, important for fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction.
Normal Range: 135 - 145 mEq/L.
Average Value: Roughly 140 mEq/L.
81. Gastric Lavage for ADA
Description: Assesses adenosine deaminase (ADA) in gastric fluid, often used to diagnose tuberculosis or other infections.
Normal Range: Varies; elevated levels suggest infection.
82. GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate)
Description: Estimates kidney function by measuring the filtration rate.
Normal Range: 90 - 120 mL/min/1.73 m².
Average Value: Approximately 100 mL/min/1.73 m².
83. Glucose 1.5 Hours After 75g Glucose
Description: Measures blood glucose levels 1.5 hours after consuming 75g of glucose, assessing glucose tolerance.
Normal Range: Typically <140 mg/dL post-OGTT.
84. Glucose 1 Hour ABF (After Breakfast)
Description: Checks blood glucose 1 hour after breakfast.
Normal Range: <180 mg/dL for non-diabetics.
85. Glucose 1 Hour After 100g Glucose
Description: Measures blood glucose 1 hour after taking a 100g glucose load.
Normal Range: <180 mg/dL post-OGTT.
86. Glucose 1 Hour After 50g Glucose
Description: Tests glucose levels 1 hour after 50g glucose intake, commonly used in gestational diabetes screening.
Normal Range: <140 mg/dL.
87. Glucose 1 Hour After Lunch (Blood)
Description: Measures blood glucose 1 hour post-lunch.
Normal Range: <180 mg/dL for non-diabetics.
88. Glucose 2 Hours ABF (After Breakfast)
Description: Measures blood glucose 2 hours after breakfast.
Normal Range: <140 mg/dL for non-diabetics.
89. Glucose 2 Hours After Dinner
Description: Tests blood glucose 2 hours post-dinner.
Normal Range: <140 mg/dL for non-diabetics.
90. Glucose 2 Hours After Lunch
Description: Measures blood glucose 2 hours after lunch to assess postprandial levels.
Normal Range: <140 mg/dL for non-diabetics.
91. Glucose 2 Hours After Meal
Description: Assesses blood glucose 2 hours after any meal, commonly used in diabetes management.
Normal Range: <140 mg/dL for non-diabetics.
92. Glucose 2 Hours After 100g Glucose (Blood)
Description: Measures glucose 2 hours after 100g glucose load, used in glucose tolerance testing.
Normal Range: <140 mg/dL.
93. Glucose Before Dinner
Description: Tests blood glucose before dinner to monitor fasting glucose levels.
Normal Range: 70 - 99 mg/dL.
94. Glucose Before Lunch
Description: Measures blood glucose before lunch, useful for baseline glucose levels.
Normal Range: 70 - 99 mg/dL.
95. Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD)
Description: Assesses the enzyme G6PD in red blood cells; deficiencies can lead to hemolytic anemia.
Normal Range: 4.6 - 13.5 U/g Hb.
Average Value: Around 9 U/g Hb.
96. Hb Electrophoresis
Description: Separates different types of hemoglobin; useful in diagnosing sickle cell disease, thalassemia, and other hemoglobinopathies.
Normal Range: Varies based on hemoglobin type.
97. HbA1c
Description: Measures average blood glucose over 2-3 months, providing long-term glucose control insights.
Normal Range: <5.7% (non-diabetic), 5.7-6.4% (prediabetes), >6.5% (diabetes).
98. HDL Cholesterol
Description: Assesses high-density lipoprotein levels; higher HDL levels are protective against cardiovascular diseases.
Normal Range: >40 mg/dL for men; >50 mg/dL for women.
Average Value: Approximately 60 mg/dL.
99. hs-CRP (High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein)
Description: Detects low levels of C-reactive protein, an inflammation marker linked to heart disease risk.
Normal Range: <1 mg/L (low risk); 1-3 mg/L (moderate risk); >3 mg/L (high risk).
100. ICT for Benzodiazepines (Urine)
Description: Immunochromatographic test detecting benzodiazepine use in urine samples.
Normal Range: Negative
